Strengths and Weaknesses as a Writer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Qualities and Weaknesses as a Writer - Essay Example I figured out how to modify my work altogether before accommodation and can fulfill time constraints since I presented every one of my papers on the predetermined time. Something else that shows my duty is my capacity to compose without copying by certifying all the wellsprings of my composition and summing up all the sources in my words. I additionally watch all the MLA style of organizing while introducing my work. I additionally welcome any pundits from my friends and perusers of my articles to empower me deal with my shortcomings and improve my qualities. Another quality I have seen since I enlisted for the course is solid relational abilities in my contentions particularly in convincing composition. I can raise a contention and bolster it with persuading proof by utilization of models and show. I can organize my work with goo sections and all around associated thoughts to give the change starting with one issue then onto the next. My syntax has improved as I can utilize impeccab le American English and watch every one of its guidelines to assemble solid sentences liberated from syntactic mistakes. By taking a gander at the surveys from my companions and my coach, there is a great deal of progress in the utilization of sentence structure in my articles as the semester advanced. My selection of words during composing is incredible as shown in the exposition Facebook Making us Lonely. I likewise can utilize the proper styles, for example, the tone of the composing relying upon the mind-set of the article. I have improved my aptitudes in shaping goo sentences utilizing the proper language while maintaining a strategic distance from saying.

Misconception of Black Metal Music free essay sample

::Confusion of Black Metal Music:: Content Chapter 1: 1. 1 †Introduction 1. 2 †Background 1. 3 †Rational 1. 4 †Scope Chapter 2: 2. 1 †Definition 2. 2 †Historical Background 2. 3 †Characteristics Chapter 3: 3. 1 †Black Metal in Malaysia 3. 2 †Issues on Black Metal Music 3. 3 †Black Metal Bands Chapter 4: 4. 1 †Interviews 4. 2 †QA 4. 3 †Analysis and Conclusion Chapter 5: 5. 1 †Islamic Point Of View 5. 2 †Current Issues Chapter 6: Summary and Conclusion References Bibliography ::Definition:: Dark metal = a subgenre of overwhelming metal music that utilizations shouted verses, quick guitar playing and drumming, and vigorously mutilated music with an emphasis on sinister symbolism and mysterious subjects. Confusion = A mixed up thought, thought, or idea; a misconception. = an off base origination. Confusion of dark metal music implies a mixed up thought, thought or idea about a subgenre of substantial metal music that utilizations shouted verses, quick guitar playing and drumming, and vigorously misshaped music with an emphasis on evil symbolism and mysterious topics. ::Presentation:: Dark Metal? Devil Worship? Odd one out? Possibly that is the thing that crosses the brains of individuals when they catch wind of dark metal. We will compose a custom article test on Misinterpretation of Black Metal Music or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Be that as it may, what number of individuals really realize where dark metal started and how was simply the first music in dark metal. Furthermore, you should comprehend what is befalling the young people of Malaysia that are so fixated on dark metal that it causes them to do silly things that conflicts with such huge numbers of ethics. Let us investigate the historical backdrop of dark metal and discover what precisely is obfuscating the brains of the adolescent. Dark metal didn't originate from slim air. It is really a sub-class of the typically overwhelming metal music. Normally dark metal music contains the hints of substantial guitar contortion and played with huge speed, high-pitch shouting vocals and quick dexterous drumming. The verses are generally founded on against Christian and furthermore include mysterious topics. From the picture, before all else, dark metal groups want to depict a â€Å"dead paint† look, a kind of cosmetics that is highly contrasting based hues to show their subjects. ::History:: In the mid 80s, dark metal groups can be said begun in the regions like Norway, Scandinavia, Finland, etc. The individual who is generally answerable for beginning the dark metal scene is no other than Oystein Aarseth(Euronymous), the guitarist for Mayhem. He can be supposed to be the dad of dark metal music. The dark metal scene there is extremely hostile to Christian, and their principle thought process is to oust Christianity and other non-Scandinavian religion from the individuals of Norway. The intention, can be stated, is being satisfied by one gathering called ‘Inner Circle’ that is driven by Aarseth himself and a couple of his dear companions and was framed in the storm cellar of Aarseth music store, Helvete. The store additionally goes about as an account studio where Mayhem and scarcely any different groups vanquish the dark metal scene under Aarseth free name called Deathlike Silence Productions. Deathlike Silence’s objective was to create collections for groups that â€Å"incarnated insidious in its most unadulterated state. † Also around this time, there was a rash of torchings coordinated at Christian chapels in Norway that Aarseths circle guaranteed duty regarding motivating, if not really executing. The most exceptional church was the Fantoft church that was singed the ‘Inner Circle’. There were a rare sorts of people who began to compromise and threaten passing metal groups that were visiting their nation or neighboring nation with the reason of their â€Å"lack of evilness†. In 1990, dark metal scene began to increase significant broad communications exposure when Mayhems frontman, Dead, murdered himself by a shotgun impact to his head and just leaving a note that said â€Å"Excuse all the blood†. His body at that point was found by Aarseth himself, who as opposed to calling the police, he went to a comfort store and purchased a dispensable camera and took photos of the dead body for the future Mayhem collection spread ‘Dawn of the Black Hearts’. composing administrations reddit There are likewise reports expressing that musicians took a few bits of Dead’s splattered cerebrum and made stew out of them and others took bone piece from Dead’s skull and made accessories out of them. ‘Inner Circle’ again got the media’s consideration when Vikerness (Burzum) ruthlessly killed Aarseth by wounding him multiple times at the head. The purposes behind the homicide are not so much clear, yet it was for the most part a direct result of ideological contrasts and a force battle among Vikernes and Aarseth. Vikernes was condemned to 21 years in jail and from that point forward separated himself from the dark metal development, getting associated with the Neo-Nazi development and composing broadly regarding the matter. Many acknowledge Vikernes declared convictions as adding to the ascent of National Socialist dark metal. The most recent couple of years during the 1990s, the dark metal scene turned out to be all the more low profile and had lost a great part of the savagery that had been depicted in the beginning of the scene, came Dimmu Borgir that pre-owned traditional music plan. From music that was difficult to acknowledge from the start, Dimmu Borgir figures out how to raise the dark metal scene to a level where the music can draw in more individuals. Be that as it may, in the mid 90s, dark metal scene in East Europe has been creating. Groups from ex-Soviet nations made records that are more in keeping unique style of the early Norway groups. The verses are all the more recalling the past brilliance of their motherland. In Russia and Ukraine, the scene is progressively inclined to metal-Scandinavia. ::Sub-classification:: Battle metal (Bal-Sagoth, Mortiss) Celtic metal (Cruachan, Geasa) Society metal (Skyclad, Cruachan, Waylender) Medieval metal (Satyricon, Borknagar) Melodic dark metal (Abyssos, Cradle of Filth, Dimmu Borgir) Nazi dark metal (Burzum, Thors Hammer, Kataxu) Symphonic dark metal (Cradle of Filth, Emperor) Tolkien metal (Isengard, Summoning) Troll metal (Arckanum, Mortiis) Vampyric dark metal (Cradle of Filth) Viking metal (Bathory,Vintersorg, Enslaved) ::Characteristics:: Black metal attributes incorporate the accompanying: †¢ Fast guitars with tremolo picking. †¢ Lyrics that appear as Satanic, Pagan, or mysterious subjects which curse Christianity. Groups, for example, Slayer, Landser, Deicide, Deaths Head, and Immolation cover expressively with dark metal to some degree, however are musically characterized as death metal (Immolation, Deicide), whip metal (Deaths Head, Slayer), or Rock Against Communism (RAC) (Landser, Intimidation One). †¢ Relatively flimsy guitar sound or moderately thick guitar sound, for the most part not in the center. †¢ Limited creation utilized purposefully as an announcement against standard music and additionally to mirror the state of mind of the music. †¢ Fast, forceful drums, frequently with impact beat. At different occasions, the drums can play a more slow job generally joined by an extremely dry and void tone †particularly for the impact of the environment of the music. †¢ Occasional electronic console use. The violin, organ, and ensemble settings are generally normal, which gives the music an instrumental feel or a house of prayer like setting. A few groups will in general use consoles oftentimes, regardless of whether it be as an instrument or even as the premise of their whole stable. They are commonly positioned under the musical dark metal mark. †¢ High-pitched/twisted shrieking vocals †¢ Swift percussion Cold, dull, pitiful, despairing or bleak air. A rubbed, low constancy recording style is regular in most dark metal. Present day advancement of a large number of the more seasoned kind driving groups have had an immense change in sound, and by manyand the vast majority of the occasions, even the bandare not, at this point thought about Black Metal. Such m odels incorporate Mayhems vocation that started for the most part in the Death/Black roots, moved to practically unadulterated dark, at that point towards Death again in their later profession. Likewise, Satyricon who began as Black Metal yet now play an extremely modern overwhelming half and half of the music. Present day branches of this unique dark metal sound have joined environmental components utilizing surrounding guitar and console sections, for example, organ sounds or different random instruments. A particular (however not inborn) element of the dark metal is the utilization of carcass paint, an exceptional sort of highly contrasting make-up which was utilized to make the wearer resemble a breaking down body or plague casualty. It ought to be noticed that Immortal alluded to their make-up as war paint, not conveying a similar undertone as carcass paint. This, alongside a practically all inclusive utilization of pretty much imaginative stage names, additionally helps secluded from everything the wearers personality. Another particular element of Black Metal is the utilization of monikers utilized generally to cover the character. Instances of this are; Quorthon (Bathory), Darken, Euronymous (Mayhem), Goat, Count Grishnackh (Burzum), Fenriz (Darkthrone), Nergal, Inferno (Behemoth), Zephyrous, Frost, Abbath, Demonaz, Horgh, Iscariah, Hellhammer (Mayhem), Maniac (Mayhem), Necrobutcher (Mayhem), Blasphemer (Mayhem), Dead (Mayhem), Hoest, Ihsahn (Emperor), Samoth (Emperor), Faust (Emperor), Trym (Emperor), Nattefrost(Carpathian Forest), Nordavind and Tchort (Emperor), Malefic (Xasthur), Wrest (Leviathan) to give some examples. Prior groups would in general harp on subjects of imagination, folklore, and fables in their tunes, just as Satanism, murkiness, insidious, etc the same number of their immediate melodic and social roots incorporated these points. For me, I lean toward melodic and musical dark metal in light of the fact that the music is progressively pleasant and quiet. For Malaysia and Singapore, a portion of the celebrated dark metal is Sil Khannaz, As-Sahar, Nosferiel, Impiety and man

Jamaican Patois and the Power of Language in Reggae Music Essay

Jamaican Patois and the Power of Language in Reggae Music Presentation Creole dialects are discovered everywhere throughout the world on each landmass. At the point when at least two dialects come into contact to frame another dialect a Creole language is conceived. Some sort of human change that powers individuals to figure out how to convey, without utilizing their own dialects, animates the making of a Creole language. On account of Creole dialects in the Caribbean, the change is the previous history of subjection. Most Creole dialects depend on one language. In Jamaica the African slaves were tossed into a circumstance where the main regular methods for correspondence was English, or if nothing else broken English, therefor Jamaican Creole has a dominant part of its underlying foundations in English (Sebba 1, 1996). Basic words which individuals couldn't locate an English name for, for example, individuals, things (like plants and creatures) and exercises (particularly strict ones) were taken from an assortment of West African dialects. Because of patois not being an official language, a name for the Jamaican tongue has not been settled right up 'til today. Normal names, for example, Jamaican, Jamaican Creole, Jamaican patwa or patois, Black English, broken English and even infant talk or slang are totally used to portray Creole dialects. In L. Emilie Adams’ book, Understanding Jamaican Patois, she expresses that none of these marks are proper for the Jamaican tongue. Creole alludes to a blended African/European language just as Europeans conceived in the West Indies; thusly it is unseemly to allude to the language of Africans in Jamaica as Creole. Patois is a term utilized generally in Jamaica, however patois can allude to any language thought about broken or corrupted on the planet. Pryce (1997) wants to utilize the term ... ...Nicholas, Tracy. Rastafari. †A Way of Life. Chicago: Research Associates School Times Publication, 1996. Oumano, E. Reggae Says No to ‘Politricks’. The Nation, 265 (August 1997): 32-34. Pryce, Jean T. Likenesses Between the Debates on Ebonics and Jamaican. Journal of Black Psychology, 23 (August 1997): 238-241. Pulis, J. W. Up-Full Sounds: Language, Identity, and the World-View of Rastafari. Ethnic Groups, 10 (1993): 285-300. Seeba, Mark. How would you spell Patwa? Critical Quarterl,y 38 (1996): 50-63. Seeba, Mark. London Jamaican: Language frameworks in association. Languag,e 72 (1996): 426-427. Talk Jamaican. Website. On-line. Web. Accessible WWW: http://www.go.com/Titles?col=WW&qt=Jamaican+creole+or+patwa+or+patois&svx=home_searrchbox&sv=IS&Ik= Vasciannie, S. The Official Language of Jamaica. Carribean Today, 10 (March 31, 1999).

Reasons for Writing a Research Proposal Tips & Guide

Reasons for Writing a Research Proposal Tips & Guide Safety and anonymity When you purchase an essay from us, you don't need to fret about your privacy. The aim of the proposal is to make sure that The proposal isn't a fixed blueprint. A proposal can be addressed to distinct individuals, but the majority of them are usually meant to seek for sponsorship. Most proposals incorporate an outline. If You Read Nothing Else Today, Read This Report on Reasons for Writing a Research Proposal Even research paper movie, you might even don't have any idea purchase a masters thesis what you need to write in the very first spot. There are lots of reasons you should employ the ideal research proposal writing service. The very best thing about us is that each and every time you can buy original essay papers for sale. Then the ideal approach is place a request I will need to acquire essay papers written. When you are requested to write thesis for your school or college or organization, bear in mind you will have to compose a thesis proposal too. If you're pursuing a career, you might not have enough time for a great many college papers. Therefore, many students and employees decide to obtain cheap essay rather than writing it themselves. Due to how our writing crew is really large, we can offer academic assistance with nearly every topic conceivable. Nobody told you that college life will be easy. A fantastic experience and techniques in nursing research writing and nursing essay writing must create a great nursing essay. Our writing team includes experienced pros with various academic backgrounds and they're always prepared to work for you. Whispered Reasons for Writing a Research Proposal Secrets A research proposal usually includes the step-by-step process a project to be undertaken should follow from the start. The importance of the research since a proposal paper is more of persuading your audience what you want to do, you have to state the significance of the undertaking and the way that it impacts people. When you compose a project proposal, you will learn to propose for your upcoming project in your career. The proposal is the information regarding the company or some other project. Even should you need to purchase research paper done in 6 hours, you can rely on us. A research paper is normally the very first step for students to acquire funding for their project, so it's important to create a thoughtful and deep paper. Even prior to beginning preparing and developing a research proposal, you've got to comprehend what the term research proposal actually means. A common research proposal should contain most or all the characteristics given below. A research proposal sample is extremely useful and handy in the majority of the essays especially where evidence must be given to prove one's point. You should care for the proposal as a chance to demonstrate that you've got begunto explore an important field of study and you have a question, or questions, that challenge and create that area. As your proposal is simply 15 pages in total, refer just to the essential references in your selected research area. An excellent thesis proposal hinges on a great idea. When you're ordering a paper, you wish to remain anonymous for several of factors. The title needs to be relevant to the heart of the thesis topic and will need to be catchy. An excellent title will clue the reader into the topic. However, it can't tell the entire story.

What affects customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 21 Words: 6291 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Analytical essay Tags: Customer Service Essay Did you like this example? Introduction: Aim of Project: Perception of Chinese restaurant in the U.S: What affects customer satisfaction and behavioural intentions? Objectives: To analyse the customers behavioural intentions for Chinese restaurant in U.S. To analyse the perception of Chinese restaurant in the U.S. To evaluate and analyse what affects customer satisfaction and behavioural intentions. The United States is a multicultural and multiethnic nation and this national trend of diversity is expected to consistently increase (Josiam and Monteiro, 2004; Sukalakamala and Boyce, 2007). One reflection of this cultural and ethnic diversity is the variety and prosperity of ethnic restaurants in the American foodservice market. The U.S. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "What affects customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions?" essay for you Create order ethnic food market generates $75 billion in annual sales, around 65% of which is attributed to the foodservice industry (US ethnic food market, 2005). Yet, the fast growth of ethnic restaurants is not driven entirely by the growing number of new immigrants. In fact, 75% of ethnic food consumption comes from non-ethnic customers (US ethnic food market, 2005). As lifestyles change and dining out becomes more and more commonplace, many customers desire new flavours and experiences. Along with this popularity is the rapid development of Chinese restaurants. According to Chinese restaurants news (2007), there are about 43,139 Chinese restaurants in the United States, which is more than the total number of all McDonalds Wendys and burger king domestic outlets combined. Chinese restaurants generate over $17.5 billion annual sales, accounting for about one fourth of overall annual sales generated by ethnic restaurants in the U.S. (Chinese Restaurant News, 2007). Known for its good taste and great value for the price, Chinese cuisine is among the big three most popular ethnic cuisines in the U.S. food service market (National Restaurant association, 1995). It is estimated that 90% of the American population has tried Chinese food and 63% of Americans eat Chinese food each month (George, 2001). Facing more sophisticated American consumers and increasing competition in the restaurant industry, Chinese restaurants can no longer succeed by depending on good taste or low price alone. According to National Restaurant Association (2000a,b), due to an increased familiarity with ethnic food. American consumers attitudes toward ethnic cuisine have recently changed. Today, an exotic experience is not enough to attract consumers to an ethnic restaurant. Customers are no longer willing to trade off inferior service or atmosphere for an opportunity to try new flavours. They prefer an excellent overall dining experience. Moreover, Chinese restaurants are facing increasing challenges from other emerging Asian restaurants and from the changing tastes of American customers who prefer healthy or spicy food. Therefore, a better understanding of the key attributes influencing customer satisfaction and post dining behavioural intentions in Chinese restaurants will provide important practical implications for Chinese restaurants operators. Literature review: At all stages in the elaboration of a dissertation, the author must exert control over both the content and the way it is organised. The literature review is what shows that the author understand the chosen topic and keeps to the aim. In researching for your dissertation or project, you will generally be expected to source material for yourself says MacMillan (2007, p.61). Meanwhile, Swetnam (2005, p.76) gives examples and his definition is that the literature review is central to the dissertation and in all styles of work. It has a number of functions, for example, it shows that you have read widely around your chosen topic, it demonstrates your critical understanding of the theory; it informs and modifies your own research. White (2006, p.83) gives a newer definition that the literature review will help you to discuss the dissertation in its relevant context, together with any theoretical frameworks which may be involved. It may also trigger your imagination and help you set the wo rk in a new and different light because the author learns and understands more, which can stimulate further analysis. Research Method: The researcher need way to get the data will be from books, magazines, newspaper and through internet. As there are so many websites, no. of books, newspaper and magazines from where researcher will get updated information regarding the research. Through qualitative method the researcher will be able to find out easier way for doing research and by getting direct information related with the research. And the other thing is that in qualitative method accuracy rate is good not all time but, mostly.Quantitative method also very helpful to do the research. Code of Ethics: The world tourism organisation developed a code of ethics. This is recognition of the need to enshrine many of the principles of global action on the environment and the rights of tourists and workers. The basic principles inherit in the code are: 2 Table of contents Implementation of the principles of the code of ethics of hospitality. Mutual understanding and respect between peoples and societies. Restaurant as a beneficial activity for host countries and communities. Summary: This work will introduced the conceptual issues associated with the research of customer satisfaction from Chinese restaurant in US and also demonstrate what is happening with people of the local community. Chapter: 2 Literature Review Literature Review: An Introduction At all stages in the elaboration of a dissertation, the author must exert control over both the content and the way it is organised. The literature review is what shows that the author understand the chosen topic and keeps to the aim. In researching for your dissertation or project, you will generally be expected to source material for yourself says MacMillan (2007, p.61). Meanwhile, Swetnam (2005, p.76) gives examples and his definition is that the literature review is central to the dissertation and in all styles of work. It has a number of functions, for example, it shows that you have read widely around your chosen topic, it demonstrates your critical understanding of the theory, it informs and modifies your own research. White (2006, p.83) gives a newer definition that the literature review will help you to discuss the dissertation in its relevant context, together with any theoretical frameworks which may be involved. It may also trigger your imagination and help you set the wo rk in a new and different light because the author learns and understands more, which can stimulate further analysis. Chapter: 1 Ethnic cuisine development and Chinese restaurants in the US. In the past few decades, with the influx of new immigrants as well as diversifying tastes of Americans, ethnic foods have become widely available and increasingly popular in the U.S. food service market (Josiam and monteiro, 2004). Traditional ethnic cuisines such as Italian, Mexican and Cantonese Chinese have become so familiar to American customer that they are perceived as mainstream American foods (Mills, 2000). In the meanwhile, many emerging ethnic cuisines such as Caribbean, Mediterranean and Pan Asian have also gained wide acceptance in recent years (US ethnic food market, 2005). Chinese cuisine arrived in the U.S. with the first railroad construction workers brought over to the west coast of the U.S. in the nineteenth century (Freeman, 2008). From the first Cantonese style Chinese restaurant opened in San Francisco in 1849, it rapidly penetrated towns and cities all over the U.S. and became part of the American experience (Chen and Bowen, 2001). Cantonese style cuisine, characterised by its light sweet and sour flavours, is the most popular Chinese cuisine in the U.S. In the recent years, other styles of Chinese cuisine have also become familiar to American customers, such as Szechwan, Hunan and Mandarin styles. The first two styles are famous for their hot and spicy flavours, while the last one is characterised by light, elegant and mildly seasoned foods (George, 2001). According to the National Restaurant Association (1995), customer perceived Chinese cuisine as a great value for the price, good for carryout, rich in flavour and difficult to prepare at ho me. Although there a few Chinese restaurant chains operating in the U.S. such as P. F. Changs China Bistro and Panda Express, most Chinese restaurant has a Chinese name outside, is decorated with Chinese styled pictures and artifacts, such as Chinese brush landscape paintings red lanterns, offers a menu printed in both Chinese and English, and provides Chinese characterised tableware, such as chopsticks and Chinese restaurants have been facing intense competition among themselves due to fast development and expansion in the U.S., as well as from other emerging Asian restaurants such as Indian, Japanese, Korean, Thai and Vietnamese ( Jang et al., 2009). Thus, maintaining customer satisfaction and repeat patronage may be more important for Chinese restaurants than ever before. Chapter: 2 Customer satisfaction and related theories The topic of customer satisfaction has held a significant position in the marketing literature over the decades since satisfied customers can be generate long-term benefits for companies, including customer loyalty and sustained profitability (Homburg et al., 2006). Researchers have explained the mechanism of customer satisfaction with number of distinct theories, such as expectancy-disconfirmation theory (Oliver, 1981), contrast theory (Howard and Sheth, 1969), assimilation or cognitive dissonance theory (Anderson, 1973), equity theory (Oliver and Swan, 1989), and value percept theory (Westbrook and Reilly, 1983). Among them, the most widely accepted theory is the expectancy disconfirmation theory. According to this theory, customers satisfaction judgements are the results of comparisons between customers expectations and perceived performance. If the perceived performance exceeds the expectation, the expectation is positively disconfirmed and the customer is satisfied. On the cont rary, if the perceived performance falls short of the expectation, the expectation is negatively disconfirmed and the customer is dissatisfied. Another influential theory for customer satisfaction is the equity theory. This theory suggests that satisfaction occurs when customers perceived that they have obtained more benefits compared to their cost (e.g. money, time and effort) and perceived value is an appropriate factor in measuring satisfaction (Oliver and Swan, 1989; Yuan and Jang, 2008). Another commonly used theory, the three factor theory, provides a basic explanation for the structure of customer satisfaction. This theory claims that three independent satisfaction factors influence customer satisfaction in different ways (Kano, 1984; Matzler and Sauerwein, 2002). Basic factors are minimum requirement for satisfaction. Failure to fulfil the minimum requirements causes dissatisfaction, whereas fulfilling or exceeding them does not necessarily lead to satisfaction. Excitement factors increase customer satisfaction if delivered but do not cause dissatisfaction if not delivered. Performance factors lead to satisfaction if performance is high and to dissatisfaction if performance is low (Fuller and Matzler, 2008). This theory has been validated empirical studies (e.g. Fuchs, 2004; Matzler et al., 2006) and could provide an additional perspective for understanding the effects of restaurant attributes on customer satisfaction. Basic factors can be seen as the prerequisit es for the satisfaction, signifying that customer take that for granted. Performance factors are a critical competitive area and directly related to customers explicit needs and wants. Excitement factors are unexpected by customers, so they can be a surprise gift that generates extra delight (Fuller and Matzler, 2008). Chapter: 3 Behavioural Intentions Behavioural intention can be defined as the degree to which a person has formulated conscious plans to perform or not perform some specified future behaviour (Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980). According to the theory of reasoned action (Fishbein and Ajzen, 1975), behavioural intention is the motivational component of a volitional behavioural and is highly correlated with behaviour itself (Jang and Feng, 2007). Although there are still arguments about the level of correlation between behavioural intentions and actual actions, it seems to be generally agreed that behavioural intention is a reasonable variable for predicting future behaviour (Quelette and Wood, 1988). Thus, a good understanding of the determinants of favourable post-dinning behavioural intentions such as saying positive things about the restaurant, recommending the restaurant to others, and repeat purchasing can provide practical guidance for restaurant practitioners. Another construct that is highly related to behavioural intentions is customer satisfaction. It is regarded as one of the key antecedents of post purchase behavioural intentions because customer satisfaction has a positive effect on the customers attitude towards the product or service and can reinforce the customers conscious effort to purchase the product or service again in the future (Oliver, 1989, 1999). However, previous studies have also suggested that factors that influence customer satisfaction are not always in accordance with factors influencing customer behavioural intention, for example, Sulek and Hensley (2004) found that food, atmosphere, and fairness of the seating order were all significant predictors of a customers overall dining satisfaction, but only food quality predicted post-dining behavioural intention. In examining food quality in restaurants, Namkung and Jang (2007) reported that food temperature had a significant effect on customer satisfaction but no effe ct on behavioural intention. Conversely, healthy options were a direct determinant of behavioural intentions but did not influence customer satisfaction. Therefore, there is a practical need to investigate the effects of restaurant attributes on both customer satisfaction and behavioural intentions. Chapter: 4 Factors influencing customer satisfaction and behavioural intentions in restaurants Reuland et al. (1985) suggested that hospitality services consist of a harmonious mixture of three elements: the material product, the behaviour and attitude of the employees, and the environment. Berry et al. (2002) also proposed three categories of cues that present themselves in the service experience: functional cues (technical quality of service), mechanic cues (nonhuman elements in the service environment) and humanic cues (behaviour of service employees). Based on these propositions, the basic restaurant attributes can be said to be include food, service and environment. Though a literature review of dining satisfaction and behaviour intention, all three basic elements were found to directly or indirectly contribute to customers overall satisfaction with a restaurant experience and their post dining behavioural intentions. Chapter: 5 Food Quality As the core product of a restaurant, food plays a pivotal role in the restaurant experience. Food quality has been generally accepted as major factor influencing customer satisfaction and post dining behavioural intention. For example, Dube et al. (1994) measured the relative importance of seven restaurant attributes in repeat purchase intention in an upscale restaurant setting and found that food quality was far more important to restaurant customers than all others attributes, Sulek and Hensley (2004) investigated the relative importance of food and physical setting, and service in a full-service restaurant and found that food quality was the most important factor influencing satisfaction and the only factor predicting behavioural intention. Namkung and Jang (2007) evaluated the relationship of individual attributes that constitute food quality (e.g. food presentation, menu variety, healthy options, taste, food freshness and temperature) with customer satisfaction and behavioural i ntentions. The findings indicated that food presentation, taste and temperature were significantly related to customer satisfaction whereas food presentation, taste and healthy options (instead of temperature) were significant predictors of behavioural intention. Besides the above- mentioned six individual attributes, food safety is also an important cue for evaluating food quality. Although food-safety defects are not always immediately apparent, customers do tend to notice undercooked food, food with an off taste, or foreign material in their food (Sulek and Hensley, 2004). Thus, food may serve as the most basic and lowest standard when judging quality. Service Quality: In the service literature, perceived service quality is defined as the customers judgement of the overall excellence or superiority of the service (Zeithaml, 2008). It is the customers subjective evaluation, resulting from a comparison of expectations and perceived performance. SERVQUAL (Parasuraman et al, 2008) is the instrument most often used for measuring perceived service quality in the marketing literature. It consists of five service dimension, namely, tangibles (physical facilities, equipment, and appearance of personnel), reliability (ability to perform the promised service dependably and accurately), and responsiveness (willingness to help customers and provide prompt service), assurance (knowledge and courtesy of employees and their ability to inspire trust and confidence) and empathy (caring, individualized attention the firm provides its customers). To adapt SERVQUAL to the restaurant industry, Stevens et al. (2005) modified several items from the original SERVQUAL and d eveloped DINESERV to measure perceived service quality in restaurants. In the restaurant industry, since customers not only evaluate the quality of food but also the service encounters during their dining experience, perceived service quality is seen as another core determinant of customers satisfaction and behavioural intention. For example Kivela et al. (2009) proposed a comprehensive model for dining satisfaction and return patronage. Their study indicated that the probability of return patronage was dependent on customers satisfaction with five aspects of a restaurant: first the last impressions, service quality, and ambience quality, food quality and feeling comfortable eating there and reservation and parking. Ladhari et al. (2008) investigated determinants of dining satisfaction and post-dining behavioural intentions, and concluded that perceived service quality influenced customer satisfaction through both positive and negative emotions, Customer satisfaction, in turn, influ enced recommendations, customer loyalty and willingness to pay more. Their results suggested that compared with food quality/reliability, physical design and price, service responsiveness was the most important contributor to customer satisfaction. ATMOSPHERICS Atmospherics is perceived as the quality of the surroundings space. According to Kotler (2006) it is the conscious designing of space to produce specific emotional effects in buyers that enhance their purchase probability. Atmospherics is made up of a set of elements, such as music, lighting, colour and scent. Research in environmental psychology has suggested that atmospherics has a powerful impact on peoples emotions, attitude and behaviour. Mehrabian and Russell (2005) first introduced a theoretical model to explain the impact of environmental stimuli on individual behaviour. The model claims that the physical environment could influence peoples emotional response (such as pleasure and arousal), which in turn elicits approach or avoidance behaviour toward the environment. The model has gained consistent support from the numerous empirical studies in different service settings, such as retail stores and hotels (Baker and Cameroon, 2006). In the restaurant context, Ryu and Jang (2007) explored the combined effect of multiple atmospheric variables on behavioural intentions in upscale restaurants. Their findings supported that ambience (example music, aroma, and temperature) and employee appearance had the most important influence n customers post dining behavioural intentions. OTHER FACTORS-PRICE FAIRNESS AND AUTHENCITY Besides food, service and atmospherics, perceived price fairness could be another factor that influences the customer satisfaction and behavioural intentions (Bei and Chiao, 2007). It is based on consumer internal reference prices, which could be generated by the last price paid, the price most frequently paid and the market prices in similar transactions (Kahneman et al.2006). This principle posits that firms are entitled to a reasonable profit and customers are entitled to a reasonable price. An increase in price is preserved to be fair if it is due to a cost increase. Otherwise, it is preserved to be unfair if the price is increased without any underlying cost increase. Perceived fairness of price is found to be positively related to customer satisfaction and loyalty (Bei and Chiao, 2007), whereas perceived unfairness of price can lead to immediate negative attitudinal and behavioural responses such as dissatisfaction, complaining and switching to other providers (Xia et al. 2005) . Authenticity is an attribute that could be specifically relevant to ethnic restaurants. Authenticity refers to whether the food and ethnic origin. In other words, the environment and cuisines are not adjusted to meet local tastes and customers who are familiar with the culture of the ethnic origin can be judging its authenticity (Ebster and Guist 2006). Compared with Americans restaurants, ethnic restaurants usually make use of ethnic art, decor, music and customers. Some scholars even describe ethnic restaurants as cultural ambassadors of the home country and the dining experience in an ethnic as culinary tourism (Wood and Munoz, 2006). Summary Based on the literature review, this study investigated customer perception of Chinese restaurant in terms of food related attributes service related attributes, atmosphere related attributes and other attributes (price and authenticity), and identified the key attributes affecting customer satisfaction and behavioural intentions. Research Method Chapter: 3 Research Method Research Method Introduction: Methodology is the study of methods and it raises all sorts of philosophical questions about what it is possible for researcher to know and how valid their claims to knowledge might be (Fisher, 2007, p.40) The researcher has to consider the nature of the setting being studied or the question being asked, as well as any possible limitations on the study, such as time and resources. Resources may be human being or monetary resources, or research tools such as computers or computer assisted telephone interviewing laboratories. There also needs to be to be a match between the study topic and methodology. For example, a research question that seeks to determine the size of the visiting friends and relatives market in an area would use a quantitative methodology, not a qualitative methodology, because the focus is on quantification. A methodology is a systematic and orderly approach taken towards the collection and analysis of data so that information can be obtained from those data. Data are raw, specific, undigested and therefore largely meaningless; information, in contrast, is what you get when data have been arranged in such a way that uncertainty is lessened, queries resolved, and questions answered. In the words of Jankowicz (2005, p.220) Everything you do in your empirical work should be directed to the one end of gathering and presenting data from which information can be easily and simply derived. Veal (2006, p. 125) The research approach: The author will use primary sources in the dissertation. Two interviews will be conducted: with one member of Dancing Dragon, Teesside (one of manager ) with one regular customer of Dancing Dragon restaurant The two chosen people one from Dancing Dragon and another from a regular customer of Chinese restaurant. Therefore, that customer will be capable of answering all questions and give new examples. The experience for the author is important because the answers will be based on true stories, examples and theories that are necessary for the dissertation. The interviews will be done by email and telephone, which could give the author an opportunity to gain some extra information if the interview exceeds the prepared questions and some new information will come from the interviews. Practicality of research: The interviews are a very good research method and are also practical. The information gained in the process is something new because it is primary source, then from secondary source, which must be checked. Primary source data can help the help to avoid incorrect or approximate information to learn and present further on, there is no need for the author to check it before including it in the dissertation. Also, Face to face interview can also help the author to conduct the interviews on time. The appointments must be made on time and dates are set, interviewees will not have chance to put off the interviews. Finally, it is an interesting process for the author. Sitting with a lot of books or magazine articles in the learning centre sometimes does not arise any interest in the author and the creativity in this case is poor, but to go out and to speak with people makes impressive ideas and final work can differ a lot. Five Codes of Ethics: The author of this dissertation will comply with five codes of ethics, and they will also be the limitations: will not collect information in such a way that participants are not aware of it will explain for what purpose information is required will choose to interview random individuals and will not exert pressure of any kind on them will not change information provided by participants will maintain confidentially at the request of participants The author will strictly follow the Five Codes of Ethics to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding that could develop between the author and interviewees. It is important to respect the interviewees wishes if they have them. It is the best way to say Thank You to respect for the time they have devoted and the knowledge for the author. Methodology: Methodology is the philosophical framework with which the research is conducted or the foundation upon which the research is based. To word it differently, methodology is the rationale for the particular methods you use in your researching and in that type of research in general says Berman (2006, p. 12). That means that methodology is needed to provide the author with the means to find the research needed for the written dissertation. For the purpose of this research, the primary data will consist of two interviews and they will cover all three objectives, first, with one regular customer of Dancing dragon restaurant and the second with one member of the Chinese restaurant. The interviews will be conducted through email and telephone , and will be formal. There will be 10 questions. The interviews will give advice from people who have substantial experience in the industry. Primary and Secondary Data: Data can be drawn from both primary and secondary sources. A secondary source of information already exists and has been gathered by someone else. Official statistics, previous studies, journal, magazine and newspapers articles are all sources of secondary information, and will be used in the research project for findings, analysis and recommendations. There are many styles of primary research experiments, ethnographic research and surveys. Bedford (2006, p.61) defines primary data which comes from the source at the time of the event; it may be a report, newspaper article, film footage, or a live or recorded interview. That means that primary data are something that is not from sources that are already available to each student, but what he/she has studied or gained from the information by doing some research on his /her own. Many courses of study require students to engage in some form of primary research activity. In this dissertation, there will be questionnaires for people selected for the research. An advantage is that information which will be found is something new and unreached, but the limitations may be about the confidentiality of the interviewees if they ask for it. Quantitative and Qualitative Data: Quantitative data encompass a group of methods focusing on quantities and on numbers, scientific research relies heavily on quantitative data. This means it focuses on changes or differences that can be measured. Standardised measurements are used such as number, time, weight, and length, says Cottrell (2008, p.206), so that results are easy to compare unbiased. This source of data is very important and is well appropriate for the project, but at the end check and verify the results, looking for errors and odd results adds Moore (2006, p.139). However, qualitative research can also enhance the rigour and credibility of quantitative research. Qualitative research is founded on the belief that social phenomenon (belief and experiences) can be explained with reference to the wider contexts of lived lives adds Burns (2008, p.231). He adopts the stance that people have knowledge of their own lives and that they can talk about those. Questionnaire and Interview Design: There are two types of interviews, which are classified according to the degree of flexibility. One is unstructured and the second one is structured. The strength of unstructured interview is the almost complete freedom they provide in terms of content and structure. You may formulate questions and raise issues on the spur of the moment, depending upon what occurs to you in the context of the discussion explains Kumar (2005, p.123). A structured interview, continues Kumar (2005, p.126), is when the researcher asks a predetermined set of questions, using the same wording and order of questions, using the same wording and order of questions as specified in the interview schedule is a written list of questions, open ended or close ended, prepared for use by an interviewer in a person to person interaction. In this project, there will be structured interviews with open ended questions, because there are only 20 questions to gain the information needed for the project. This means that the research methods for this project are qualitative. Summary: Basically methodology is the rationale for the particular methods the researcher uses in the research to gather the needed information. For this report, author will obtain information from these methods primary Findings Chapter: 5 Research Findings Findings Introduction: Findings: Demographic profile of respondents: Source: mintel 2007 Table one show the results of the respondents demographic and dining profiles. Among the 284 valid respondents, females accounted for 52.5% of diners. The average respondent was 37 years old. The majority of respondents were Caucasian (60.2%), followed by Asian (32%) and other (7.8%). Respondents were most likely to go to a Chinese restaurant with their family (47.6%), followed by friends (27.1%) and relatives (15.2%) and were less likely to dine with business colleagues (2.1%) or by themselves (4.6%). The above customer profile information indicates that the majority of Chinese restaurant customers are Caucasian, and the main reason for dining at Chinese restaurants is social occasions (family and friends). These results are consistent with findings of national Restaurant Association (2000a,b), which revealed that Chinese cuisine represents basic family appeal and attracts almost all consumers (Mills, 2000). Importance of Chinese restaurant attributes: Rank Attributes Mean Std.dev 1 2 3 4 5 Food taste Food safety Food freshness Environmental cleanliness Appropriate food temperature 6.64 6.58 6.55 6.43 6.33 .62 .84 .75 .86 91 Source: mintel 2007 Table 2 reports the attribute importance ranks and scores. Except music, all other attribute have average scores above four, indicating that these attributes are important when customers select a Chinese restaurant. The five most important attributes were taste, food safety, food freshness, environmental cleanliness and appropriate food temperature. These rankings show the salient positions of food quality and environmental sanitation in customers decision-making regarding Chinese restaurants. The five least important attributes were healthy food options, atmospheric, lighting, interior design and decor, and music atmospheric attributes account for four of the five least important factors, indicating that customers do not expect much from the dining environment in Chinese restaurants. However, it is important to keep in mind that the IPA approach identifies relative, rather than absolute, levels of importance. Therefore, when explaining the results of importance ranking, one should not conclude that the dining environment is not important to customers seeking a Chinese restaurant. These attributes are simply less important when compared to other restaurant attributes (i.e. food, service and price). Performance of restaurant attributes for surveyed Chinese restaurant: Rank Attributes Mean Std. dev 1 2 3 4 5 Accurate guest check Food freshness Food taste Prompt service Demand and consistent service 6.15 6.04 6.01 5.96 5.94 .96 2.26 .93 1.08 1.01 The attribute performance ranks and scores are listed in table 3. The mean score of the overall performance was 5.71, indicating that Chinese restaurant as a whole did well in terms of performance. The top five attributes were accurate guest check food freshness, taste, prompt service, and dependable and consistent service. These rankings show that Chinese restaurants provide good taste and satisfying service quality. The lowest five attributes were aroma, lighting, healthy food options, interior design and music. Most of these are atmospherics related attributes, indicating that there is still room for Chinese restaurants to improve their dining environments. Analysis Chapter: 6 Research Analysis  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Self Reflection Analysis: An Introduction DISUSSION, IMPLICATIONS, CONCLUSIONS The IPA highlights two main findings. First, environmental cleanliness and attentive service are two key areas where improvement efforts should be made by Indian restaurants. Based on the three factor theory of satisfaction, environment and food sanitation may play the role of basic factors (dissatisfier s) in affecting customer satisfaction in Indian restaurants. Failures to meet customer basic cleanliness expectations can result in immediate dissatisfaction and the lost of customer. Thus, Indian restaurant managers should pay special attention to the hygienic conditions of the restaurant, which include not only the cleanliness of the dining area but also of waiting areas and restrooms. Attentive service requires employees to be sensitive to customers individual needs rather than rigidly following fixed policies and procedures (Stevens et al. 2005).To create satisfied customers and repeat patronage, employees should be trained to be attentive to service details and take care of cust omer personal and sometimes trivial requests. Second, food taste and service reliability appear to be the cornerstone factors in customer satisfaction. Among the top ten important restaurant attributes, three of them food related attributes, including taste, food freshness and appropriate food temperature. The three service reliability related attributes were serving food as ordered. Accurate guest check and dependable and consistent service. All six attributes were located in the 2keep up the work2 quadrant indicating that cutomers evaluate Chinese restaurant performances highly on food taste and service reliability. Chinese restaurant should keep up this good performance to maintain their core competency. One noticeable phenomenon in our ipa matrixwas that almost all the atmosphere related attributes were poisoned in the lower priority quadrant. On the one hand this result indicates that customers do not expect much from dining environment when choosing Chinese restaurant. On the other hand the lower priorty quadrant does not necessarily signal that these attributes are unimportant. Atmosphere related attributes may play the role of excitement factor are typically unexpected by the customers, they can more easily generate customer. Satisfaction than the basic factors and performance factors. Therefore, when financial resources are sufficient, Chinese restaurants should improve their interior environment quality and create more favourable dining atmosphere. In particular, they should not ignore the effect of environmental authenticity when designing or decorating a Chinese restaurant. Many customers regard the dining experience in a ethic restaurant as a good opportunity to get to know foreign culture and customs. Chinese restaurant should use various unique Chinese style elements such as a palace lanterns, changes brush drawing and classic music to generate customers interest to explore the restaurant environment and to improve their perception of the overall dining experience. Although healthy options and food authenticity were both located in the low priority quadrant they should be regarded as potential sources of Chinese restaurant to generate new market share. According to Nar 2000 survey todays food trend in the us tend to fall into two categories hot and spicy ethnic cuisine and healthy alternatives. For those Chinese restaurant possessing sufficient financial resources and customer capacity, they could consider developing lower fat items and vegetarian entrees to attract healthy cuisine seekers and vegetarians. For those restaurants that have a relatively high percentage of both Chinese customers and non Chinese customers, they could offer different menus to meet customers distinct requirement for food authenticity. The results of subsequent regression analysis were generally consistent with the main findings of the IPA. Food quality, service quality, atmosphere, authenticity and price were all found to be important contributors to customers satisfaction and behavioural intensions in Chinese restaurant. More specifically, food related attributes explained 46.9% of variance in satisfaction and 47.5% of variance in behavioural intentions. The relatively high values confirmed the key role of food quality for the success of Chinese restaurants. Chapter 9 Self reflection Self Reflection: I think I get another chance to make this project I would have specially taken care of time management because I think in this project I was a bad time manager, I didnt manage my time well enough, left everything for last. Another point is the interviews; I would have taken 2-3 interviews if I would have got another chance, in this project I just took one interview all because of bad time management. I didnt distribute as much questionnaire as I could have. I would keep in mind for the next time. There was lot of pressure on me with lots of assignments at one time. So the ultimate point is that time management is very necessary. But this was the first research project of my life and I learnt lots of new things like taking an interview, how to go with the research flow and many more things. Conclusion Chapter: 8 Conclusions Conclusion Conclusion and Recommendation: This study investigated American customer perceptions of Chinese restaurant and the key restaurant attributes affecting customer satisfaction and behavioural intention. Considering both IPA results, which are descriptive in nature, and regression results, which are statistical in nature, this study provides a more comprehensive picture for Chinese restaurant practitioners to improve service qualities. The findings of the study suggested that food quality, service reliability and environmental cleanliness were prerequisites when customer chose a Chinese restaurant. Food quality (especially taste) and service quality (especially service reliability) were the key attributes for Chinese restaurants success. Dining atmosphere, food authenticity and fair price were also significant contributors to customer satisfaction and behavioural intention. Chinese restaurant managers should reasonably allocate companies resources based on the importance level of each attribute. The results of this study are not without limitations. One main limitation of the study is that the data was collected in only one mid-western town in the U.S. Thus, generalisation of the research findings is not warranted. To ensure external validity, a more comprehensive sample across a diverse geography is needed in future research. In addition, to measure behavioural intentions we used three items, one measuring recommendation and positive word of mouth. Even though many other studies used the same items, these three items alone may not represent the whole picture regarding behavioural intentions, which may cause a content validity problem. Another limitation is that the results in the study should be explained with caution. Previous studies have indicated that at least two assumptions might be questionable: (i) attribute performance and importances are not independent variables. Attribute importance can be interpreted as a function of performance. This condition may influence the attribute distribution pattern in the grid, thus partly influencing managerial recommendations: (ii) the relationship between attribute performance and overall satisfaction might be asymmetrical (Matzler and Sauerwein, 2002; Matzler et al., 2004). If that is the case; the importance of basic factors tends to be overestimated, whereas the importance of excitement factors tends to be underestimated (Vavra, 1997). In order to set the right priorities for customer satisfaction management, any explanation of results should be backed up with regression results, as we did in this study. Finally, as mentioned before, one of the three restaurants where data was collected did not play any background music during the survey period. This may affect the results of the perceived importance and performance of music in Chinese restaurants. Future research is needed to determine whether music plays an important role in influencing customer satisfaction and behavioural intention.

Becks Depression Case Study - 1042 Words

1. INTRODUCTION Shamilka has a history of having a short episode of depression in past and that has been recovered by antidepressant prescribed by the family physician. Even though the time period of this episode is not clear in the case study, she has been suffering from depression symptoms over past 3 years and during the last 6 to 7 months; she has started feeling more depressed. The Beck’s Depression Inventory-II indicates that she is having a low server level of depression. According to the DSM 5, her symptoms and duration indicates she is having Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia). According to the same diagnostic criteria, she also has the symptoms of anxiety for the last six months. Even though there are Obsessive†¦show more content†¦Depressed mood for most of the day, for more days than not, as indicated by either subjective account or observation by others, for at least 2 years. 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Neurospora Crassa Essay Example For Students

Neurospora Crassa Essay Throughout our science education, as students we have always wondered how genes are regulated in a given organism. To better understand biological processes in organisms we can take a look at a biological circuit, a term borrowed from electrical engineering that illustrates the interconnections among proteins or genes (1). Circuits can describe connections needed to regulate a single gene or an entire genome. Through a circuit we can visualize important components and reactions that are otherwise difficult to perceive. In this short study the organism of Neurospora crassa will be farther analyzed. For the first time, it is now possible to place a particular biological circuit like those describing carbon metabolism, transcription, cell cycle, or the biological clock in simple eukaryotes in a larger context, and to examine the coupling of these circuits (12). In this report, we look at a network of reactions for the regulation of the qa cluster . As understood, the qa cluster is compo sed of five genes and two regulatory genes, as seen in the biological circuit Figure 1.1. Three of the genes, qa-2, qa-3, and qa-4, in the cluster encode enzymes involved in the catabolism of quinic acid. One gene, qa-y, encodes a permease allowing quinic acid into the cell, and another gene, qa-x, encodes an unknown function. All seven genes in the cluster are transcriptionally activated by the product of qa-1F, and the activator is repressed by the product of qa-1S. The cluster is glucose- and sucrose-repressed. If this is true then when qa-1F^p is turned off then nothing should be produced and also if abundant portions of qa-1S^p are present then PCA should be present in limited quantities. These simple experiments will allow students such as myself to gain a better understand of what is going on visually and not only in text. Although these experiments may seem obvious, biological circuits are hard to grasp when first looked at, they can be very overwhelming. Methods/Procedures: Once the figure of the qa-cluster circuit was presented all of the equations and variables that take place in the circuit are entered into a template. The template is then uploaded into KINSOLVER workspace. The uploaded template is shown in Figure 1.2. According to this template there are 37 variables and 43 reactions that take place in this particular circuit. First random numbers were entered in the parameters for the qa-1F^p variable then random numbers were entered in the parameters for the qa-1S^p variable. Once certain parameters were chosen, each time a PCA vs. Time graph was illustrated. TrialQuantity of qa-1F^pQuantity of qa-1S^p10 jfix=02103100TrialQuantity of qa-1F^pQuantity of qa-1S^p40 5106100Results: The results are graphed and attached. Trial 1: Figure 1.3Trial 2: Figure 1.4Trial 3: Figure 1.5Trial 4: Figure 1.6Trial 5: Figure 1.7Trial 6: Figure 1.8Conclusions: From the graphs in the figures attached, it can clearly be seen that the qa-1F^p gene is an activator gene. This means when it it is turned off, all the other genes are turned off causing no PCA to be produced. Only when this gene is activated will PCA be produced. If the gene were turned on it would then activate the qa-1F^0, qa-1S^0, qa-y^0, qa-3^0, qa-4^0, qa-2^0, and then finally the qa-x^0 gene. Once all these are activated they each take on their own reactions to create their own products. In our next set of graphs we see as we increase the qa-1S^p product this decreases the amount of PCA produced, which means this is a repressor.